1997 Mankins NASA SPS Fresh Look

Cover	1
Title Page	3
Foreword	4
Contents	5
1. Introduction	9
1.1. Study Objectives	9
1.2. Background	10
1.3. Brief Synopsis of Phase I Work	12
1.4. Study Approach	13
1.4.1. Models	14
1.4.2. TIMs	15
1.4.3. WhitePapers	16
2. Market Analysis & External Factors	17
2.1. Overview	17
2.1.1. Economic Viability of Space Solar Power	17
2.1.2. Costs	17
2.1.3. Revenues and Externalities	18
2.1.4. Section Contents	18
2.2. Energy Forecast	19
2.2.1. Assumptions And Sources	22
23. Outlook for Competing Sources of Energy	22
2.3.1. Sources Of Electricity	25
2.3.2. Findings	25
2.4. Market Segment Definition	25
2.4.1. Define Segments	26
2.4.2. Final Sites Chosen	26
2.5. Price Analysis	27
2.6. Financing	30
2.6.1. To Get Financing	30
2.6.2. Investment Factors	31
2.7. External Factors Summary	31
2.7.1. Estimated Externalities	32
2.7.2. Estimates of Air Pollution Costs and Regulatory Surcharges	33
2.7.3. Other Issues	34
3. Candidate System Concepts and Architectures	35
3.1. Space Solar Power Architectures - Overview	35
3.2. 1979 Reference Concept	37
3.3. Sun Tower	39
3.4. LEO-MEO Relay	42
3.5. LEO-GEO Relay	47
3.6. SoIarDisc	50
3.7. GEO Millimeter Wave	53
3.8. Planetary Power Web	57
4. Space Segment Model Description	59
4.1. Model Organization	59
4.2. Orbit Geometry	61
4.3. Subsystem Detail	71
4.3.1. Power Transmission	71
43.2. Energy Storage	73
433. Solar Conversion	73
4.3.4. Guidance, Navigation & Control	74
4.3.5. Thermal Control	75
4.3.6. Telecommunications/Command & Data Handling	75
4.3.7. Structure & Harness	76
4.4. Estimating Manufacturing Requirements	76
4.4.1. Approach	76
4.4.2. Issues and Limitations	77
4.4.3. Assessment of Results	79
4.4.4. Recommendations	81
4.5. Model Operational Notes	82
4.6. Integration With IAAM	83
5. IAAM Model Description	85
5.1. Model Organization	88
5.2. Element-Level Detail	89
5.3. Data Dictionary Overview & Reference	90
5.4. Model Elements Summary	92
5.5. External IAAM Analysis	104
5.6. Model Input Data Requirements	104
6. Model-Based Trade Studies and Analyses	111
6.1. Case Studies	111
6.1.1. Case Descriptions	111
6.1.2. Space Segment Case Study Results	112
6.1.3. IAAM Case Study Results	117
6.2 Space Segment Sensitivity Analyses	139
6.2.1 Transmission Frequency	139
6.2.2 . Beam Steering Capability	140
6.23. Power Conversion Efficiencies	142
6.2.4. Hardware Cost	146
6.3. IAAM Sensitivity Analyses	150
6.3.1. Sensitivity Trial Description	150
6.3.2. Sensitivity Analysis Results	151
7. Key Findings and Recommendations	203
7.1. Markets	203
7.2. Space Solar Power System Concepts and Architectures	204
7.3. Robustness of “Fresh Look" Study Results	205
7.4. Achieving Public Acceptance	205
7.5. Other Space Applications of SSP Technologies	206
7.6. SSP Critical Technologies	207
7.6.1. Critical Technologies Summary	210
7.6.2. Projecting SSP Manufacturing Costs	210
7.6.3. Summary Findings and Recommendations	211
8. Appendix Material	213
8.1. Glossary of Acronyms	215
8.2. White Paper: Bill Brown	217
8.3. White Paper: GayCanough	231
8.4. White Paper: Mary Woodell	243
8.5. White Paper: Richard Dickinson	253
8.6. Study Participants	259
8.7. Phase I Candidate System Concepts	263
NASA/DOE Reference System	264
Space Solar Power Concept Summary	265
Sun Tower	266
Space Solar Power Concept Summary “SunTower"	267
Solar Disc	268
Space Solar Power Concept Summary “Solar Disc"	269
Solar Wigwam	270
Solar WigWam Space Solar Power Concept Summary	271
Laser Spiral	272
Laser SpiralSpace Solar Power Concept Summary	273
Power Fleet	274
Power Fleet Space Solar Power Concept Summary	275
Large Aperture Array Constellation	276
Large Aperture Array Constellation Space Solar Power Concept Summary	277
Sun Star	278
Sun Star Space Solar Power Concept Summary	279
Airstat Power Transponder	280
Airstat Power TransponderSpace Solar Power Concept Summary	281
Power Relay Satellite	282
Power Relay Satellite Space Solar Power Concept Summary	283
Bicycle Wheel Integrated PV/RF SPS	284
“Bicycle Wheel” Integrated PV/RF SPS Space Solar Power Concept Summary	285
Sandwich Integrated PV/Microwave Transmission	286
“Sandwich” Integrated PV/Microwave Transmission Space Solar Power Concept Summary	287
GEO with 20,000 km TetherSpace Solar Power Concept Summary	288
GEO with 20,000 km Tether	289
Libration Point Halo Orbit Space Solar Power Concept Summary	290
Flywheel Energy Accumulator	291
Flywheel Energy Accumulator - A DemonstrationSpace Solar Power Concept Summary	292
GEO mm Wave Dynamic System	293
GEO Millimeter Wave System Space Solar Power Concept Summary	294
Insolation Focusing	295
Solar Insolation (SOLARES) Space Solar Power Concept Summary	296
SPS 2000	297
SPS 2000 - A Demonstration Space Solar Power Concept Summary	298
Mass Drivers. Lunar Materials for SPS Space Solar Power Concept Summary	299
Deutsche Aerospace Laser Global Solar Energy Concept (GSEK)	300
Deutsche Aerospace Global Solar Energy Concept (GSEK)Space Solar Power Concept Summary	301
Planetary Power Web	302
Planetary Power Web Space Solar Power Concept Summary	303
Japan SPS - Reference System	304
Japanese Reference Case Space Solar Power Concept Summary	305
LEO Sun-synchronous with GEO Relay	306
LEO Sun-Synchronous/GEO Relay Space Solar Power Concept Summary	307
Sun-synch to MEO Equatorial Relay	308
Sun Synch to MEO Equatorial Relay Space Solar Power Concept Summary	309
NASDA GEO LASER	310
NASDA GEO Laser Space Solar Power Concept Summary	311
GEO SPS with Multiple Relays	312
8.8. Solar Clipper Presentation Reference	315
John C. Mankins Advanced Concepts To Achieve Affordable Human Exploration and Development	317

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