LEO Sun-synchronous with GEO Relay Concept: Sun Tower satellites in LEO transmit power via laser through reflectors in GEO so that their energy output can be utilized even when the satellites are not in direct line of sight with their receivers. Key Features: Laser link via GEO Relay and Airstat Power Transponder between LEO spacecraft and ground GEO Laser Reflectors Suggestor/Source: Various Discussion This concept features a constellation of LEO spacecraft delivering continuous power to surface stations. To minimize relay size, optical frequencies were selected for the linking beam. (Initial calculations showed that a microwave relay would result in a structure that would relay less energy than would be produced by a power satellite of the same mass.) The laser output of the LEO spacecraft is reflected by a relay located in GEO. (The relay might resemble systems proposed by Lockheed during the NASA/DOE SPS investigations. See Walbridge, E., “Laser Satellite Power Systems: Concepts and Issues,” Space Solar Power Review, Vol 3, pp. 45-71, 1982.) The laser beam is received by an Airstat Power Transponder located over the market site and either converted to an RF beam for transmission to the ground, or into electricity for transmission via a conductive tether. The Airstat Power Transponder enables optical frequency transmission for the relay without the penalty of complete blockage of the beam by water vapor or other atmospheric components. The Transponder system also eliminates the need to transmit laser beams to the surface, minimizing safety and environmental concerns. However, the efficiency of the combined system (as well as operational complexity) require additional consideration. Advantages Disadvantages Keeps most mass in LEO Can tailor system output to market needs Requires laser technology Requires Airstat Power Transponder for all-weather operations
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