The motion of the moving element of all types of shock absorbers may be forward or rotary. One docking mechanism may use different energy absorbing elements for the longitudinal, transverse, and angular shock absorbers. Different shock absorbers require different types of force characteristics, that is, the dependence of F on deformation and its derivatives If the shock absorber is considered noninertial, then its characteristic is simplified: . Analysis of the work of shock absorbers and the choice of parameters can be conveniently and effectively done in the simplified equivalent model obtained in Chapter 5. The parameters of this model depend on the mutual locations of the spacecraft. As follows from the analysis, the first characteristic and essential feature of the shock absorbers of the docking mechanism is the large range of changes in m.3 in the equivalent model. The second feature is the wide range of initial velocities of shock absorber deformation, due to the scatter of initial conditions (velocities, angular and linear displacements). As shown in Chapter 5, the shock absorbers of docking mechanisms should provide specific values of the coefficient of recovery s for mechanical interactions of the spacecraft. For an equivalent physical model of a direct impact of a body with mass m3 this coefficient is defined as where are the values of velocity before and after impact. Tn contrast to the classical theory of impact examined in Chapters 4 and 5, the simplified equivalent models make it possible to calculate the recovery coefficient from the characteristics of shock absorbers of type (6.1). If the shock absorber must return to the initial state, it should contain an elastic element; other elements of the construction also have a certain elasticity.
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