maximum values of angular velocities of rotation during docking with “heavy” orbital stations are somewhat smaller (see Table 5.1). 5.5.5. Features of the Operation of Lateral Shock Absorbers Lateral shock absorbers in a “rod and cone” docking device usually operate in lateral impacts, and in angular rotations. The required energy capacity in both cases differs only slightly. For the Soyuz-Salyut docking device and (see Table 5.1). At the same time the maximum rates of deformation are substantially different: the angular velocity of rotation of the docking mechanism rod in the hinge during lateral impacts reaches 60 deg/s, which is about a factor of 20 greater than the maximum rate of rotation of the spacecraft after linkage. The coefficient of attenuation of the lateral shock absorbers is chosen in calculations of impact with the cone, thus, this damping is ineffective in rotational shock absorption. Consequently, the characteristics of the lateral shock absorbers are also implemented in stages (see Figure 5.9); in the second “rigid” stage of spring characteristics the majority of the energy of rotation is absorbed. Considering the decrease in the total course of the lateral shock absorbers the introduction of controlled dampers is effective. 5.6. Shock Absorption Systems of Peripheral Docking Devices The geometry of interaction, the kinematics of the displacement of the buffer element, and the shock absorption process are substantially more complex than in “rod and cone” docking devices. The shock absorption systems of docking devices with a buffer in the form of a ring with guide protrusions works in the following basic cases of interaction: 1) guides with guides; 2) guides with the ring; 3) impact of rings; 4) central impact with roll; 5) lateral and central impacts after linkage; 6) angular rotations after linkage. To insure shock absorption in all of these cases, the ring with guides is installed on six shock absorbers. In this scheme, insurance of linkage is much more complex than in the first type of docking device, as linkage occurs only when the rings of the active and passive docking assemblies align. The shock absorbers must
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