A force acts on each point. The general unit normals to the interacting elements depend on the coordinates of this point, and and are defined by the vector derivative of the unit tangents and to the circumferences or the segments (see Figures 4.3 and 4.4). For different groups of points of interaction the expressions have a different form. For in the first system of coordinates The components of the unit tangents to segments in system of coordinates 1 are equal to The formulas to determine the components of the unit tangents to segments are identical.
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