CONCLUSION Both the beneficiation of lunar material and the collection of materials which need little or no beneficiation can be done under lunar conditions by magnetic separation. Others have noted that separation processes should be developed as part of continuing research on lunar material utilization and that such processes must be developed as a fluidless technique (18,19). Experiments in which magnetic separation alone or in conjunction with other physical beneficiation methods is applied to lunar soils and ores will yield information useful for the design of compact efficient separation devices. These will help make available economical and useful feed stocks for lunar manufacturing through more efficient lunar mining operations. Acknowledgments — The author acknowledges helpful discussions with D.R. Criswell and R.D. Waldron of L.P.I. and the support of the Lunar and Planetary Institute to attend The Workshop on Glass and Ceramic Industries in Space Based on Lunar Materials, April 1979. Also, acknowledgement is made of discussions with L. Rubin of the National Magnet Laboratory and W. Agosto of Rutgers University. The editor wishes to thank David Criswell for reviewing this paper. REFERENCES 1. G. Zebel, J. Colloid Sci. p. 522, 1965. 2. D.R. Kelland and E. Maxwell, IEEE Trans. Magn. MAG-14, 401, 1978. 3. F.J. Friedlaender, M. Takayasu, T. Nakano, and D.R. Kelland, Status of Magnetic Separation, Int. J. Magn. Mater. 15-18, 1555, 1980. 4. C.J. Clarkson. D. Kelland, and T.B. King, IEEE Trans. Magn. MAG-12, 901, 1976. 5. D.R. Kelland and E. Maxwell, IEEE Trans. Magn. MAG-11, 1582, 1975. 6. J.A. Oberteuffer, High Gradient Magnetic Separation: Basic Principles, Devices and Applications. Proceedings of the International Conference on the Industrial Applications of Magnetic Separation, Rindge, NH. 1978, pp. 3-7. 7. Z.J.J. Stekly, IEEE Trans. Magn. MAG-11, 1594, 1975. 8. P.G. Marston, The Use of Electromagnetic Fields for the Separation of Materials, World Electrotechnical Congress, pp. 1-14, USSR, 1977. 9. R.J. Parker and R.J. Studders, Permanent Magnets and Their Application, p. 68, John Wiley and Sons, NY, 1962. 10. R.D. Waldron, T.E. Erstfeld, and D.R. Criswell. The Role of Chemical Engineering in Space Manufacturing, Chemical Engineering 1979, pp. 80-94. II. R.D. Waldron and D.R. Criswell, Overview of Methods for Extraterrestrial Materials Processing,4th Princeton AIAA Conference on Space Manufacturing Facilities, pp. 1-15, American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics, NY, 1979. 12. J.B. Adams and T.B. McCord, Vitrification Darkening in the Lunar Highlands, in Proceedings of the 4th Lunar Science Conference, J.W. Chamberlain and C. Watkins, eds., p. 163, Pergamon, NY, 1973. 13. J.I. Goldstein and J.H. Axon, Composition, Structure, and Thermal History of Metallic Particles from 3 Apollo 16 Soils, 65701, 68501 and 63501, Proceedings of the 4th Lunar Science Conference, J.W. Chamberlain and C. Watkins, eds., pp. 751-775, Pergamon, NY, 1973. 14. A.D. Romig and J.I. Goldstein, Powder Metallurgical Components from Lunar Metal, Lunar Utilization, D.R. Criswell, ed., pp. 120-123, Lunar Science Institute, Houston, Texas, 1976. 15. D.S. McKay, Workshop on Glass and Ceramic Industries in Space Based on Lunar Materials, Lunar and Planetary Institute, Houston, Texas, 1979 (unpublished). 16. R.J. Williams, ed.. Handbook of Lunar Materials, NASA, Lyndon Johnson Space Center, Houston, Texas, 1978. 17. J.E. MacKenzie, Workshop on Glass and Ceramic Industries in Space Based on Lunar Materials, Lunar and Planetary Institute, Houston, Texas, 1979 (unpublished). 18. J.R. Arnold and M.B. Duke, eds., Summer Workshop on Near-Earth Resources, NASA Conference Publication 2031, pp. 1-95, Science and Technical Information Office, 1978. 19. R.J. Williams, D.S. McKay, D. Giles, and T.E. Bunch, The Mining and Beneficiation of Lunar Ores, Draft Report from NASA Ames Space Settlements Summer Study, 1977 (unpublished).
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