SPS OPERATING CHARACTERISTICS Currently accepted response characteristics for electric utility system generating plants and measures of utility system reliability have been the basis for the integration of SPS power with electric utility systems. Two of the power control methods, 2 and 4, described in Table 2 were deemed practicable and acceptable by utility system criteria. The response times and power control range for these two methods are compared with conventional generating unit characteristics in Fig. 1. It is seen that the SPS response in both cases is better than that of conventional generation. The SPS is unlike conventional generation in that it has no mechanical inertia and hence appears as a negative load to the system. Control of the incident power will be at the satellite antenna via communications link and this control loop, involving transmission of control signals through space, is the nearest analog of governor control of a conventional generation source. The study of impacts on system reliability adding SPS generation to electric utility
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