Fig. 7. Magnetic contours (with 50-G increments) and projection of the electron trajectories on the r-z plane. a tube gain of about 13.4 dB, comparable to triode amplifiers, at 1.8-MW input power. The gain improves to 16.1 dB at 6-MW input, but this is still quite poor compared to klystrons. One solution is a second beam-driven deflection cavity, which acts like a beam- driven buncher in a klystron. Separate computer simulations show it may yield overall gain figures around 20 dB for a 1.8-MW input amplifier. A second solution is a different deflection system altogether. The use of hybird- mode or traveling-wave deflection systems is common in particle accelerators (4). Such systems have been proposed for gyrocon beam deflection by Wessel-Berg (5), who predicts gains in excess of 30 dB with this structure. B. Cooling Although the cooling requirements on a 1.8-MW cw gyrocon are substantial, the solution appears to be physically realizable. The peak cooling requirements on any segment of the output cavity are about 530 W/cm2. This is calculated using the superfish program (6). We assume that
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