Fig. 6. Specular reflection from solar array (ideal orientation). degrees of the normal to the surface of the array. Area reduction due to oblique angles of incidence may therefore be neglected. The apparent luminosity can be calculated by noting that if the array were large enough to reflect the entire solar disc, the luminosity would be that of the sun multiplied by the specular reflectance, p, of the solar cells. This would require an array area of n(Ra/2)2, where R is the distance from the observer to the satellite and a is the apparent diameter of the sun, 9.36 mrad. If Ac is the area of the array, then the luminosity is Using the same values as in the previous section and taking p as 0.125, m = -16.4, or about 30 times the luminosity of the full moon. Even with p = 0.04, we have m = -15.2. For the CR2 configuration, the same reflectances give a magnitude range of -15.6 to -14.4. It can be seen from Figure 6 that, because of the orientation of the array relative to
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