Fig. 5. Equivalent luminosity of 60-satellite fleet. satellite, the quantity 15t in equations (4a-c) must be replaced by 15t + r + 0. The total luminosity of the SPS fleet can now be estimated by summing the contributions of the individual satellites. The results are presented in Figure 5 as the magnitude of a single object of equivalent total luminosity. A 60-satellite fleet at longitude intervals of one degree is assumed. Magnitude is shown as a function of the observer’s local apparent time for CR\ and CR2 configurations with the observer at the same longitude as (1) the center of the fleet and (2) the east end of the fleet. Even in the best case from an astronomer’s viewpoint, CR2 at the end of the fleet, it would be difficult to make long observations without an appreciable contribution to sky brightness by the SPS fleet. As noted above, even if very low reflectances are assumed, the situation is improved by only about one magnitude. 4. SPECULAR REFLECTION FROM SOLAR ARRAY Specular reflections can be expected from both the solar array and the antenna. Since the two elements have different orientations, they must be analyzed separately. Any specular reflection striking the earth from the solar array will be within a few
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