Microwave Power Transmission Studies Vol2 of 4

c. Development of rectifying antenna elements including diodes for low power density is needed. d. Rectenna collection and conversion efficiency is 84% and a realistic development goal is 90%. e. Support structure is major cost item requiring further in-depth study as types of terrain, soils mechanics, and environments are established. f. Power interface to the user network needs development to reach 92% and greater efficiency. 1.2. 2. 8 Radio Frequency Interference and Allocation For both amplitron and klystron: a. 2.45 GHz is recommended as the operating frequency. b. Harmonic filters at the rf generators are needed to meet commercial service regulations. c. Radio astronomy and similar sensitive receiving systems will need notch filters to protect against MPTS harmonics. d. Multiple SPS installations require further in-depth investigation. For the amplitron: e. A bandpass filter is needed to improve performance relative to radio astronomy noise regulations. f. Noise level with filter added is estimated to exceed radio astronomy isotropic regulations between 2. 3 GHz and 2. 7 GHz, and to exceed radio astronomy 60 dB antenna regulations above 1. 9 GHz. Early development of the amplitron and filters is required to establish noise characteristics. For the klystron: g. Noise level exceeds radio astronomy isotropic regulations only in USA industrial band of 2. 4 GHz to 2. 5 GHz. h. Noise level exceeds radio astronomy 60 dB antenna regulations between 2. 1 GHz and 2. 85 GHz.

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